How does the court system work:
Understanding Ohio's Court System:
Municipal Courts vs. Common Pleas Courts
In Ohio, the court system is organized into different types of courts to handle various legal matters. Two key types are Municipal Courts and Common Pleas Courts, each with its own role and jurisdiction.
Criminal Justice Overview, Lucas County Ohio
Municipal Courts
Municipal Courts operate at the city or village level and manage:
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Misdemeanor Criminal Cases: These are less severe crimes such as petty theft, vandalism, or disorderly conduct.
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Traffic Violations: Municipal Courts deal with minor traffic offenses like speeding tickets or running a red light.
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Civil Cases: They handle smaller civil disputes, such as landlord-tenant issues and small claims cases.
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Preliminary Hearings: For felony charges, Municipal Courts conduct preliminary hearings to decide if there is enough evidence to move the case to a Common Pleas Court.
Common Pleas Courts
Common Pleas Courts are the general trial courts at the county level and manage:
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Felony Criminal Cases: Serious crimes such as robbery or murder.
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Civil Cases: Major disputes like personal injury claims or contract disputes.
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Family Law Cases: Issues related to divorce, child custody and paternity.
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Probate Cases: Matters involving adoption, estates, guardianships and wills.
Role of the Grand Jury
What If I Am Called for Grand Jury?
If you are selected for grand jury duty in Lucas County, here’s what you need to know:
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No Defendant or Defense Attorney Present – Unlike a trial, you will not see or hear from the accused. The prosecutor presents evidence and witness testimony for your review.
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No Media Access – Grand jury proceedings are completely confidential. No reporters or cameras are allowed.
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Part of the Lucas County Prosecutor’s Office – The grand jury process is handled by prosecutors who guide the presentation of cases.
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Secure and Private – The grand jury meets in a secure location within the courthouse. Your discussions and votes remain confidential.
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No Judge in the Room – Unlike a courtroom trial, a judge does not oversee grand jury proceedings. The prosecutor presents the case, and jurors deliberate independently.
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No Juror Badge Required – Unlike trial jurors, grand jurors do not wear badges and are not publicly identified. Serving on a grand jury is an important civic duty that helps determine whether felony cases move forward in the justice system.
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Address
700 Adams Street
Suite 250
Toledo, Ohio 43604-5659
Hours
Monday – Friday
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.